Activity:
(a) Take a coil of wire AB having a large number of turns.
(b) Connect the ends of the coil to a galvanometer.
(c) Take a strong bar magnet and move its north pole towards the end B of the coil.
(d) There is a momentary deflection in the needle of the galvanometer, say to the right. This indicates the presence of a current in the coil AB. The deflection becomes zero the moment the motion of the magnet stops.
(e) Now withdraw the north pole of the magnet away from the coil. Now the galvanometer is deflected toward the left, showing that the current is now set up in the direction opposite to the first.
(f) Place the magnet stationary at a point near to the coil, keeping its north pole towards the end B of the coil. We see that the galvanometer needle deflects toward the right when the coil is moved towards the north pole of the magnet. Similarly, the needle moves toward the left when the coil is moved away.
When the coil is kept stationary with respect to the magnet, the deflection of the galvanometer drops to zero.
To find the direction of electric current Fleming's right-hand rule is applied. According to it, if n,e stretch the forefinger, middle finger and thumb of our right hand mutually perpendicular in such a way that thumb points along the direction of motion of conductor, forefinger along the direction of magnetic field; then the middle finger points along the direction of induced current.
