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किन्ही सात प्रेक्षणों के माध्य तथा प्रसरण क्रमश: 8 व 16 है, यदि उनमें से पाँच 2,4,10,12,14 हो, तब शेष प्रेक्षण ज्ञात कीजिए |

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माना शेष प्रेक्षण x एवं y है, तब
माध्य = 8
`rArr" "(2+4+10+12+14+x+y)/(7)=8`
`rArr" "42+x+y=56" …(i)"`
एवं प्रसरण = 16
`rArr (1)/(7)(2^(2)+4^(2)+10^(2)+12^(2)+14^(2)+x^(2)+y^(2))-8^(2)=16`
`rArr" "(1)/(7)(460+x^(2)+y^(2))=80`
`rArr" "x^(2)+y^(2)=100" ...(ii)"`
हम जानते है कि
`(x-y)^(2)=2(x^(2)+y^(2))-(x+y)^(2)`
`=2xx100-(14)^(2)=4`
[समीकरण (i) व समीकरण (ii) का प्रयोग करते हुए]
`rArr" "x-y= pm 2`
अब हल करते हुए, `x+y=14, x-y=2 rArr x=8, y=6`
एवं `" "x+y=14,x-y=-2`
`rArr" "x=6, y=8`
अतः अभीष्ट शेष प्रेक्षण 6 एवं 8 है |

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