1. During this period we had to fight two wars – with China and Pakistan.
2. The death of Nehru adversely affected the rebuilding of the nation.
3. Problems like poverty, inequality, religious and caste differences, regional divisive tendencies etc became challenges to democracy and nation-building.
4. Lack of rain causing droughts, insufficient food production, shortage of grain, shortfall in industrial production etc threatened our economic security.
5. Increased military expenses, spending money earmarked for certain projects for other things adversely affected developmental programmes.
6. Because of the devaluation of the Indian Rupee, prices of things went up.
7. The Hindu Muslim Riots.
8. The split in the Congress because of the issue of succession.
9. The lack of a political party which could replace Congress in power.
