Branching descent: Different species descending from the common ancestor get adapted in different habitats, e.g., Darwin’s finches—varieties of finches arose from grain eaters; Australian marsupials evolved from common marsupial.
Natural selection: It is a process in which heritable variations enable better survival of the species to reproduce in large number, e.g., white moth surviving before the industrial revolution and black moth surviving after industrial revolution; long-necked giraffe survived the evolution process; DDT-resistant mosquitoes survive. (Any suitable example)
