(a) The law given by Lindeman is 10% law. According to 10% law, only 10% of the energy entering a particular trophic level of organisms is available for transfer to next higher trophic level.
(b) 1. Paddy can trap only 1% of the sun’s energy falling on them. 1% of 10,000 J is 100 J, so paddy have 100 J of energy available in them as food.
2. Paddy is eaten up by mice. Now according to the 10% law, 10% of 100 J is 10 J of energy which is available in mice.
3. The mice will transfer 10% of its 10 J energy to the snake. Thus, the food energy available to the snake will be 10% of 10 J, which is 1 J.
4. 10% of 1 J will be transferred to hawk which will be 0.1 J.