Elements of a Balanced diet: There are many nutrients in the food but these are mainly grouped into six classes namely carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals and water. The energy value of food is measured in heat units called calorie. The diet that we require is- 57% carbohydrates,30% fats and 13% proteins. Carbohydrates; Proteins and Fats to supply us energy.
The energy yield per gram is as follows:
(a) Carbohydrate- calories
(b) Fat-9 calories
(c) Protein-4 calories
Basic elements of our diet are:
(a) Carbohydrates: Our main source of energy comes from carbohydrates.
(b) Proteins: They provide essential growth and repair of muscles and other body tissues.
(c) Fats: These are a source of energy which is important in relation to fat-soluble Vitamins.
(d) Vitamins: These are required in our body in very small amount for various metabolic process. They are divided into two groups-fat soluble and water soluble vitamins.
(e) Minerals: These contain essential elements needed as our body in small quantities. For proper growth and functioning.
(f) Water: Water is essential for normal body functioning. It serves as a vehicle for carrying other nutrients.
