Question

Cerclage (encircling cervix with suture) is done for patients with ______
1. Incomplete abortion
2. Complete abortion
3. Threatened abortion
4. Incompetent cervix
5.

Answer 1

Correct Answer - Option 4 : Incompetent cervix

Explanation:-

• Incompetent cervix:-  Normally the lower part of the cervix is usually closed but if it is opened during pregnancy due to week cervical tissue is known as incompetent cervix,  also called a cervical insufficiency,

Symptoms

• A sensation of pelvic pressure
• A new backache
• Mild abdominal cramps
• A change in vaginal discharge
• Light vaginal bleeding

Complications

• Premature birth
• Pregnancy loss

Treatment

• Progesterone supplementation. 
• Cervical cerclage:- It is a surgical procedure in which the cervix is stitched closed with strong sutures which helps to prevent premature birth. The sutures will be removed during the last month of pregnancy or during labor.

• Abortion:-
  • ​Abortion is the expulsion or extraction of an embryo or fetus from the mother's uterus before the period of viability (24 weeks).
• Incomplete abortion:-
  • When the entire products of conception are not expelled, instead a part of it is left inside the uterine cavity, it is called an incomplete miscarriage.
• Management:-
  • Tablet misoprostol 200 μg is used vaginally every 4 hours.
• Complete abortion:-
  • When the products of conception are expelled en masse, it is called a complete miscarriage.
• Management:-
  • USG has done to confirm that uterus is empty.
• Threatened abortion:-
  • It is a clinical entity where the process of miscarriage has started but has not progressed to a state from which recovery is impossible
• Management:-
  • Rest and pain relief medicine

Cervical suturing is not recommended in any kind of abortion.