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What is baking powder? How does it make the cake soft and spongy? 

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1) Baking Powder: Baking powder is a mixture of baking soda (NaHCO3) and a mild edible acid such as tartaric acid. COOH (CHOH)2 COOH 

2) Chemical reaction : When baking powder is heated or mixed in water, the following reaction takes place. 

NaHCO3 + H+ → CO3 + H2O + Sodium salt of acid. 

3) Carbondioxide produced during the reaction causes bread or cake to rise making them soft and spongy.

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