Question

Which hormone is secreted by the pituitary gland?
1. Adrenaline
2. Growth hormone
3. Insulin
4. Thyroxin

Answer 1

Correct Answer - Option 2 : Growth hormone

The Correct Answer is Growth hormone.

 

• Growth hormone is released into the bloodstream from the anterior pituitary gland.
• This is controlled by two other hormones that are released from the hypothalamus (a part of the brain): growth hormone-releasing hormone, which stimulates the pituitary to release growth hormone, and somatostatin, which inhibits that release.

 

• The pituitary gland is also called the master gland, controls the function of most other endocrine glands.
• The pituitary, a pea-sized gland at the base of the brain, produces a number of hormones.
• Each of these hormones affects a specific part of the body (a target organ or tissue).

Hormone	Target Organ or Tissue
Adrenocorticotropic hormone( ACTH)	Adrenal glands
Beta-melanocyte–stimulating hormone	Skin
Endorphins	Brain and immune system
Enkephalins	Brain
Follicle-stimulating hormone	Ovaries or testes
Growth hormone	Muscles and bones
Luteinizing hormone	Ovaries or testes
Oxytocin	Uterus and mammary glands
Prolactin	Mammary glands
Thyroid-stimulating hormone	Thyroid gland
Vasopressin (antidiuretic hormone)	Kidneys

 

 

• Adrenaline is produced both by the adrenal glands and by a small number of neurons in the medulla oblongata.
• Its major action, together with noradrenaline, is to prepare the body for 'fight or flight'.
• Insulin is a peptide hormone produced by beta cells of the pancreatic islets.
• Insulin regulates the blood glucose level in the body.
• Thyroxin hormone is produced by the thyroid gland.
• This hormone increases the metabolic rate and so regulates growth and development.