(1) Pakistan : Declared itself an ‘Islamic Nation’ on attaining independence along with India;
Capital: Islamabad. Khyber Pass located in the Hindukush Range is in Pakistan. The Green revolution has been possible due to the perennial River Sindhu.
Main crop : Cotton.
(2) Bangladesh: A densely populated country with major delta portion of Ganga and Brahmaputra rivers;
Main rivers : Padma (Ganga), Jamuna (Brahmaputra) and Meghna;
Main crops: Paddy and jute cultivated in abundance; good development of waterways;
Capital: Dhaka famous for its jute industry.
(3) Sri Lanka : The island country which was known as Ceylon or Sinhaldweep in the past. It is also known as ‘Ratnadweep’ or ‘Pearl of the Indian Ocean’. The Palk Strait in the north and the Gulf of Mannar in the west separate it from mainland India;
Capital: Colombo. This small island country has more than 104 rivers.
Biggest river : Mahavelli;
Climate : Hot and humid due to being near the Equator.
Main crops: Paddy, tea, coconut, spices and rubber;
Main languages : Sinhalese and Tamil.
