The ICs (Integrated Circuits) in a computer are made up of a large number of transistors which are activated by the electronic signals (low/high) they receive. The ON/ high and OFF/low state of a transistor is represented using the two digits 1 and 0, respectively. These two digits 1 and 0 form the binary number system. This system is also referred as base-2 system as it has two digits only. Some examples of binary numbers are 1001011, 1011.101, 111111.01. A binary number can be mapped to an equivalent decimal number that can be easily understood by the human.
Binary value for (0–9) digits of decimal number system
