Question

What are the different ways in which glucose is oxidised to provide energy  in various organisms?

Answer 1

Glucose:

1. Glucose is the primary source of energy for living organisms.
2. There are two ways in which glucose is oxidized to provide energy in various organisms.

Aerobic respiration:

1. Aerobic respiration is the process that leads to the complete oxidation of organic substances in the presence of oxygen and releases CO₂, water, and a large amount of energy present in the substrate.
2. It occurs in higher organisms.
3. It takes place in the cytoplasm and mitochondria.
4. It involves three main stages: Glycolysis, the Citric acid cycle, and the Electron transport chain.

Anaerobic respiration:

1. It is also known as fermentation.
2. It is a cellular respiration process that happens without the presence of O₂.
3. It takes place in the cytoplasm.
4. Lactic acid fermentation and alcoholic fermentation are the two types of anaerobic respiration.
5. Example - Lactic acid bacteria, E.coli, Yeast

End products of anaerobic respiration:

1. Lactic acid fermentation end products:

• Pyruvic acid

2. Alcoholic fermentation end products:

• Ethanol
• Carbon dioxide.