1. Advantages of food additives:
- The quality, texture, consistency, appearance, and other technical requirements of the food item are all improved by food additives.
- Food additives are added to foods to extend their shelf life or for cosmetic reasons.
- To extend the shelf life of the stored food, antioxidants, preservatives, fat emulsifiers, stabilizing agents, and taste enhancers are employed. Colorants, tastes, and sweeteners enhance its aesthetic value.
- Nutritional supplements including vitamins, minerals, and amino acids, which are used as food additives, offer special health advantages.
- Seasonal harvests and fruits are available throughout the year due to food preservatives.
2. Vulcanization is a process of cross-linking rubber molecules chemically with organic/inorganic substance through the action of heat and pressure. The rubber which is cross linked chemically is known as vulcanizate.
3. The substances that act against oxidants arc called antioxidants. Antioxidants thus minimize the damage caused by oxidants. Antioxidants protect us against cardio vascular disease, cancer and cataract and they slow down the effect of ageing. eg : Vitamin C, Vitamin E and β - Carotene.
4. The correct option is (B) Aspirin
Aspirin:
- Aspirin is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medication.
- It was the first drug of its kind to be found.
- Acetylsalicylic acid usually referred to as aspirin, is a drug used to treat inflammation, fever, and pain.
- Aspirin is used to treat a variety of inflammatory disorders.
- Aspirin, which is available over-the-counter, is used to treat mild to moderate headaches, menstruation, arthritic, dental, and muscular pain, as well as lower fever.
5. Preparating of Neoprne : The monomer used is chloroprene (2-chlorobuta-1,3-diene). It is superior to natural rubber and resistant to chemical action. It is used in the manufacture of chemical containers , conveyor belts, gaskets etc.
6. Antiseptics: Antiseptics are those chemical substances that are applied to the living tissues such as wounds, cuts, ulcers and other skin diseases. Some of the most commonly used antiseptics are Dettol and Savlon. Dettol is a mixture of chloroxylenol and terpineol.
Some other examples of antiseptics are furacine, soframycin. Bithionol is added to soap to give it antiseptic properties. Iodine is a powerful antiseptic. Its 2 to 3 percent solution in alcohol-water is known as tincture of iodine. Iodoform can also be also used as an antiseptic for wounds.
Disinfectants: Disinfectants are applied to inanimate objects such as floors, drainage systems, instruments, etc. A 0.2 to 0.4 ppm aqueous solution of chlorine and sulphur dioxide in very low concentration, are disinfectants.
Some other examples of disinfectants are alcohol, chlorine, chlorine compounds and other compounds like formaldehyde, glutaraldehyde, hydrogen peroxide, etc.
