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दो संख्याओं का योगफल 105 है तथा उनका अंतर 45 है। संख्याएँ ज्ञात कीजिए।

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माना x और y दो संख्याएँ हैं।

प्रश्न के अनुसार,

\(x + y = 10 5 \quad ....(\text{i})\)

\(x - y = 45 \quad ....(\text{ii})\)

समीकरण (i) और (ii) जोड़ने पर,

\(2x = 150\)

\(x = \frac{150}2\)

\(\therefore x = 75\)

अब, समीकरण (i) में x = 75 प्रतिस्थापित करने पर,

\(x + y = 105\)

\(75 + y = 105\)

\(y = 105 - 75\)

\(\therefore y = 30\)

इसलिए, दो संख्याएँ 75 और 30 हैं।

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