Write the names and biological functions of hormones secreted by the pituitary gland and thyroid gland.

Question

1 Answer

answered Apr 13, 2020 by Pawan01 (48.1k points)
selected Apr 13, 2020 by Rukmani

Best answer

S.No.	Gland	Position	Hormone and their nature	Biological Functions
1.	Pituitary	Beneath Brain	(i) Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) (Protein)	Stimulates spermatogenesis in male, growth of ovarian follicle in a female.
	(a) Anterior Lobe		(ii) Luteinising hormone (LH) (Protein)	Induces testosterone secretion in male. Ovulation and secretion of estrogen and progesterone in females.
			(iii) Somatotrophin (STH) (Protein)	Regulates protein metabolism and growth of bones. Deficiency causes dwarfism, excesses produce gigantism in young and acromegaly in adults.
			(iv) Prolactin (Protein)	Controls development of milk glands.
			(v) Adrenocorticotrophin (ACTH) (Peptide)	Stimulates secretion of hormones of the adrenal cortex.
			(vi) Thyrotrophin (TSH) (Protein)	Stimulates secretion of thyroid hormone.
	(b) Intermediate lobe		(i) Melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH) (Peptide)	Controls skin colour.
	(c) Posterior Lobe		(ii) Oxytocin (Peptide)	Regulate uterine contraction and release of milk.
2.	Thyroid	Front of larynx	(i) Thyroxine	Regulate oxidation of food, excess causes exophthalmic goitre.
			(ii) Triiodothyronine	Deficiency produces cretinism in children, myxoedema in adults. Also, control the working of kidneys. Deficiency also reduces urine output.
			(iii) calcitonin (CT) (Peptide)	Controls calcium and phosphorus balance.