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in Application of Derivatives by (46.3k points)

Find maximum and minimum values of following functions in given interval:

(a) 2x3 – 24x + 107, x ∈ [1, 3].

(b) 3x4 – 2x3 – 6x2 + 6x + 1, x ∈ [0, 2]

(c) x + sin 2x, x ∈ [0, 2π]

(d) x3 – 18x2 + 96x, x ∈ [0, 9]

1 Answer

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(a) Let y = 2x3 – 24x + 107, x ∈ [1,3]

dy/dx = 6x2 – 24

For maxima or minima

dy/dx = 0 ⇒ 6x2 – 24 = 0

⇒ x = ± 2.

∵ x ∈ [1, 3]

∴ x = 2

Now, y1 = 2(1)3 – 24(1) + 107

= 2 – 24 + 107 = 85

y2 = 2(2)3 – 24(2) +107

= 16 – 48 + 107 = 75

y3 = 2(3)3 – 24(3) + 107

= 54 – 72 + 107 = 89

Hence, maximum value is 89 at x = 3 where as minimum value is 75 at x = 2.

(b) Let y = 3x4 – 2x3 – 6x2 + 6x + 1,

x ∈ (0, 2)

dy/dx = 12x3 – 6x2 – 12x + 6

= 6(2x3 – x2 – 2x + 1)

For maxima or minima

Now y1 = 3(1)4 – 2(1)3 – 6(1)2 + 6(1) + 1

⇒ y1 = 3 – 2 – 6 + 6 + 1 = 2

⇒ y-1 = 3 (- 1)4 – 2 (-1)3 – 6(- 1)2 + 6(- 1) + 1

⇒ y-1 = 3 + 2 – 6 – 6 + 1 = -6

⇒ y0 = 3(0)4 – 2(0)3 – 6(0)2 + 6(0) + 1

⇒ y0 = 1

⇒ y2 = 3(2)4 – 2(2)3 – 6(2)2 + 6(2) + 1

= 48 – 16 – 24 + 12 + 1 = 21

∴ Hence, maximum value of function is 2π at x = 2π and minimum value of function is 0 at x = 0.

(d) x3 – 18x2 + 96x, x ∈ [0, 9]

y4 = (0)3 – 18(0)2 + 96(0)

= 64 – 288 + 384 = 160

y8 = (8)3 – 18(8)2 + 96 × 8

= 512 – 1152 + 768

= 128

y9 = (9)3 – 18(9)2 + 96(9)

= 729 – 1458 + 864= 135

So, at x = 0 minimum value = 0

and at x = 4 maximum value = 160

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