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In ∆PQR, PD ⊥ QR such that lie on line segment QR. If PQ = a, PR = b, QD = c and DR = d Prove that :
(a + b)(a – b) = (c + d)(c – d). 

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Given : PD ⊥ QR. PQ = a, PR = b, QD and DR = d.

To prove : (a + b)(a – b) = (c + d)(c – d)

Proof : In right ∆PDQ

PQ2 = QD2 + PD2 (By Pythagoras Theorem)

⇒ PD2 = PQ2 – QD2 ….(i)

In right ∆PDR

PR2 = DR2 + PD2

⇒ PD2 = PR2 – DR2 …..(ii)

From equation (i) and (ii)

PQ2 – QD2 = PR2 – DR2

⇒ a2 – c2 = b2 – d2 [putting values of PQ, QD, PR and DR]

⇒ a2 – b2 = c2 – d2

⇒ (a + b)(a – b) = (c + d)(c – d).

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