Common contraceptive methods used to prevent pregnancy are:
(i) Barrier methods
(ii) Hormonal methods
(iii) Intra-Uterine Devices (IUDs)
(iv) Surgical methods
(i) Barrier Methods : This method prevents sperms from meeting the ovum. Its entry into the female reproductive tract is prevented by barrier.
1. Condom : Condom prevents deposition of sperms in the vagina. Condoms are made of thin rubber or latex sheath. Condom also protect against sexually transmitted diseases (STD) like syphilis, AIDS.
2. Diaphragm (Cervical cap) : Vaginal diaphragm fitting into the vagina or a cervical cap fitting over the cervix. This prevents the entry of sperms into the uterus.
(ii) Hormonal Methods : Hormonal preparations are in the form of pills or tablets (contraceptive pills). These hormones stop (interfere with ovulation) the release of egg from the ovary.
