When a light ray passes obliquely through the atmosphere in an upward direction its path generally changes due to refraction. When the light ray enters the earth’s atmosphere, it undergoes refraction due to the varying optical densities of air at various altitudes. The atmosphere is continuously changing (due to which the optical densities of air at different levels in the atmosphere keep on changing). The air higher up in the sky is rarer but that nearer to the earth’s surface is denser .The continuously changing atmosphere refracts the light. Hence the path generally changes.
