Question

Mention any two measures that individuals or organisations can take to protect their data from theft and viruses.

Answer 1

Keep clean machines: having the latest security software, web browser, and operating system are the best defenses against viruses, malware, and other online threats. Set antivirus software to run a scan after each update. Install other key software updates as soon as they are available.

Answer 2

Individuals and organizations can take several measures to protect their data from theft and viruses. Here are two important measures:

1. Use of strong passwords and encryption:

   • Individuals and organizations should use strong, unique passwords for all accounts and devices, including computers, smartphones, and online services. Strong passwords typically consist of a combination of letters (both uppercase and lowercase), numbers, and special characters.
   • Implementing encryption technologies can help protect sensitive data from unauthorized access. Data encryption converts information into a coded form that can only be accessed by authorized users who have the decryption key. This prevents hackers and cybercriminals from intercepting and reading the data, even if they manage to access it.

2. Regular software updates and security patches:

   • Keeping software, operating systems, and applications up to date is essential for maintaining security and protecting against vulnerabilities that can be exploited by hackers and malware. Individuals and organizations should enable automatic updates or regularly check for updates and install them promptly.
   • In addition to software updates, installing security patches released by software vendors is crucial for addressing known security vulnerabilities and strengthening defenses against cyber threats. Security patches often address specific vulnerabilities or weaknesses identified in software, providing protection against potential exploits.

By implementing these measures, individuals and organizations can enhance their data security posture, reduce the risk of data theft and virus infections, and safeguard sensitive information from unauthorized access and malicious attacks.